High blood pressure or hypertension is the amount of power that the blood applies to the walls of the arteries when it flows along them.If a person has high pressure, the walls of the arteries are too high.
The increase in blood pressure is a fairly common disease, and especially in 40 -year -old women.
This disorder manifests itself very slowly.Initially, a person has weakness, poor sleep and dizziness.Then comes a quick effort, a blood racing in the head, the fingers become insensitive and small "flies" flash in front of the eyes.
The reasons for the development of the disease
What reasons do they contribute to the formation of hypertension?The factors have not yet been completely studied that contribute to increasing blood pressure, both in children and adults.Now the following reasons can be distinct:
- Emotional overstrain, stress;
- age;
- Alcohol and smoke;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- consumption in large quantities of salt food and in small liquids;
- diabetes mellitus;
- kidney diseases;
- Excess weight;
- The use of some medicines (for example, blood pressure in women increases when taking contraceptive drugs);
- Hereditary factors.
Symptoms
In recent years, hypertension has been much younger.In the case of constant stress, neurosis, inactive life, smoke, this disease affects young people and even children.
For greater pressure, the symptoms are as follows:
- overload;
- heachache;
- Heart pain;
- Hypertensive crisis.
Consider each of the symptoms presented in more detailed way.
Overload
The first sign that you have high blood pressure indicators is a condition that recalls overload or a slight cold.The following symptoms occur:
- certain irritability,
- drowsiness during the day
- Sleep disorders at night
- The impossibility will focus
- Redness of Eyecys.
Most people do not take these manifestations seriously, although completely in vain.In fact, if the blood pressure at rest is in adults 140/90 mm hg.Art.and in children 120/90 mm rt.Art., And there is also a tendency to the following increase, we can discuss a slight form of hypertensive disease.
All men whose age exceeds 40 years (according to statistics, the development of hypertension in men is several times more often than women), as well as people at risk (who suffer from overweight, diabetic) are required to perform a regular measurement of blood pressure.
Heachache
When observing the further development of the disease, then in hypertension, headaches and compressive nature begin to occur.Together with this symptom, opalists can diagnose a change on the day of the eyes and the presence of atrophic processes in the retina.
The events presented may indicate that there is greater intraocular pressure.This disorder can be a signal for serious vision diseases.
When at rest, blood pressure in adults is 160/100 mm hg.Art. And in children 130/100 mm hg.Art., Then you have to go urgently from a cardiologist and take special antihypertensive drugs.These blood pressure indicators are dangerous for health.
Heart pain in the heart
In combination with headaches, patients with high pressure complain of pain attacks on the left side of the chest.The pains presented can give in the left hand and break the rhythm of the heart.
The symptoms presented may indicate that an increase in blood pressure has contributed to the formation of pathological changes in the coronary arteries and in the muscle of the heart.This must be included:
- Coronary heart disease,
- Angina Pectoris;
- An increase in the left ventricle, accompanied by a decrease in the cardiac range and by the formation of heart failure.
In the case of timely therapy of greater pressure, pathological processes in the heart are reversible, but the patient must lead a healthy lifestyle and take antihypertensive drugs.
Hypertensive crisis
When in the patient, hypertension occurs in medium and serious forms (blood pressure in adults reaches 160/100 mm Hg and in children 130/100 mm Hg), hypertensive crises are formed.They present themselves due to a significant increase in pressure, in contrast to the usual one.
Intracranial pressure symptoms
What signs are they observed in a person with high intracranial pressure?First of all, you must understand that intracranial pressure is an excess or a lack of cerebrospinal liquid in a particular part of the skull, formed by a violation of its circulation.
The increase in intracranial pressure symptoms in adults are as follows:
- deterioration of lateral and central vision;
- Benefit of the vision, "fog in the eyes";
- swelling on the eyelids, face;
- noise in the ears, hearing loss;
- frequent headaches, gradually acquiring constant character;
- Attack the pain in the upper part of the cervical vertebra, spinal cord;
- Quick fatigue, a sense of weakness.
The intracranial pressure signs in children are as follows
- In baby children there is an expansion of the seams, the size of the head increase more quickly than the size of the body, the protruding fountain, upon occurrence of strabismo.
- In preschool and school age, head pain, strabismo, lethargy, fatigue, irritability, high sensitivity to brilliant lighting are observed.
Necessary therapy
High pressure treatment in both adults and children is reduced to a decrease in all factors that caused this condition:
- reduction of excess weight;
- compliance with normal daily routine, good sleep;
- compliance with proper nutrition, reduction of salt consumption;
- Optimal consumption methods;
- a ban on tobacco, alcohol;
Mandatory for high pressure treatment is the use of some drugs.The appointment of the drug, its dosage should be made only by an expert specialist and depends on the symptoms of the disease.
It is not possible to completely cure hypertension, but subject to the correct lifestyle and the implementation of all the prescriptions of the doctors in hypertension, the well -being will improve and will be able to live a normal full life.
The increase in intraocular pressure can only be treated surgically.To maintain the normal condition of the patient, he is prescribed diuretic and drugs that improve metabolic and hematopoietic processes.
Complications
According to doctors, people who suffer from hypertension are more prone to arteriosclerosis.Therefore, the most often has a stroke and a heart attack.In the case of greater pressure, both in children and adults, lame can occur, since normal blood flow to the legs is disturbed.
The main problem of all the consequences is the pressure on the heart, due to which it should work with an increase in the load.With this disease, the heart is not able to cope with the increase in the load, therefore a small and large circle of blood circulation is disturbed.As a result, lack of breath, hemoptyses, swelling of the limbs occur.The complications presented are the cause of death.
The next dangerous consequence of hypertension are the complications of the brain.When observing greater pressure in a person for a long time, the hemorrhages to identify occur in the retina vessels.These consequences lead to a violation of the flow of blood, which causes degeneration and retinopathy.All this contributes to the bighellone of vision and blindness.
Preventive measures
If there is a hereditary hypertension, it is necessary to constantly check your well and measure the pressure over time.In addition, it is necessary:
- Observe proper nutrition,
- reduce the intake of salt,
- refuse alcohol,
- guide an active healthy lifestyle,
- Don't be subjected to stressful situations.
Hypertension is a very dangerous disease.Despite the fact that the most often high pressure affects not only women after forty, this condition is characteristic of men and even children.Therefore, it is not necessary to think that a repeated increase in pressure is the norm.When the symptoms appear above, it is necessary to go urgently to consult a cardiologist.